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Bromadiolone References

Bromadiolone:

  1. WHO. Environmental Health Criteria 175 - Anticoagulant Rodenticides; International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 1995.
  2. Reregistration Elegibility Decision (RED) for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  3. Kreiger, R. Rodenticides. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology-Agents, 2nd ed.; Academic Press: San Diego, 2001; Vol. 2.
  4. Gupta, R. C. Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles; Elsevier Inc.: Hopkinsville, KY, 2007; p 527.
  5. Watt, B. E.; Proudfoot, A. T.; Bradberry, S. M.; Vale, J. A. Anticoagulant Rodenticides. Toxicol. Rev. 2005, 24, 259-269.
  6. Tomlin, C. D. S. The Pesticide Manual: A World Compendium, 15th ed.; British Crop Protection Council: Surrey, UK, 2009.
  7. Hazardous Substances Data Bank - Bromadiolone; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Atlanta, GA, 2003.
  8. Tomlin, C. D. S. The Pesticide Manual: A World Compendium, 13th ed.; British Crop Protection Council: Surrey, UK, 2003.
  9. Final Risk Mitigation Decision for Ten Rodenticides; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2012.
  10. Murphy, M. J.; Talcott, P. A. Anticoagulant rodenticides. Small Animal Toxicology, 2nd ed.; Peterson, M. E.; Talcott, P. A., Eds.; Elsevier Saunders: Saint Louis, MO, 2006.
  11. Markussen, M. D. K.; Heiberg, A. C.; Fredholm, M.; Kristensen, M. Differential expression of cytochrome P450 genes between brornadiolone-resistant and anticoagulant-susceptible Norway rats: a possible role for pharmacokinetics in brornadiolone resistance. Pest Manag. Sci. 2008, 64 (3), 239-248.
  12. Sridhara, S.; Krishnamurthy, T. R. Potentiation of Antiocagulant toxicity to Rattus Rattus by Two Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs; Proceedings of the 15th Vertebrate Pest Conference, University of Nebraska: 1992; pp 212-217.
  13. Sage, M.; Fourel, I.; Coeudassier, M.; Barrat, J.; Berny, P.; Giraudoux, P. Determination of bromadiolone residues in fox faeces by an LC/ ESI-MS analytical method in relationship with toxicological data and clinical signs after intoxication. Environ. Res. 2008, 110, 664-674.
  14. Erickson, W.; Urban, D. Potential Risks of Nine Rodenticides to Birds and Nontarget Mammals: a Comparative Approach; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2004.
  15. Dowding, C. V.; Shore, R. F.; Worgan, A.; Baker, P. J.; Harris, S. Accumulation of anticoagulant rodenticides in a non-target insectivore, the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus). Environ. Pollut. 2009, 158 (1), 161-166.
  16. Berny, P. J.; de Oliveira, L. A.; Videmann, B.; Rossi, S. Assessment of ruminal degradation, oral bioavailability, and toxic effects of anticoagulant rodenticides in sheep. Am. J. Vet. Res. 2006, 67 (2), 363-371.
  17. Mally, C.; Porret-Blanc, G. LM637 (Bromadiolone) Determination of LD50 of LM 637 Orally in Rats. Unpublished Lab Project No. 87.04. LM 637 RPL., 1987, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection agency by Lipha Centre de Reecherches. EPA MRID 41900001. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  18. Meehan, A. P. Rodenticidal Activity of Bromadiolone - A New Anticoagulant; Proceedings of the 8th Vertebrate Pest Conference, University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Bangalore, India, 1978; pp 122-126.
  19. Grand, M. Donnees experimentales sur un nouveau raticide anticoagulant-le bromadiolone. Unpublished report, 1976, submitted to World Health Organization by Phytiatrie-Phytopharmacie, 25, 69-88. Environmental Health Criteria 175 - Anticoagulant Rodenticides; International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 1995.
  20. Poche, R. M. Rodent tissue residue and secondary hazard studies with bromadiolone. EPPO Bull. 1988, 18, 323-330.
  21. Myers, R.; Christopher, S. Bromadiolone Techincal: Acute Cutaneous Toxicity in the Rabbit. Unpublished Lab Project No. 92N1112, 1993, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by Bell Labs, Inc. EPA MRID 42673701. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  22. Shapiro, R. Primary Skin Irritation: Bromadiolone. Unpublished Report No. T-214, 1977, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, prepared by Nutrition International, Inc., submitted by Chempar Chemical Co., Inc., EPA MRID 00088112. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  23. Kuklinski, M. Skin Sensitization Test of Bromadiolone Techincal Grade Bromadiolone in Albino Guinea Pigs Guinea Pigs (Modified Buehler Test). Unpublished Lab Project No. 025-001, 1990, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by Biologic Safety Research. EPA MRID 41847401. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  24. Shapiro, R. Eye Irritation: Bromadiolone. Unpublished Report No. T-215, 1977, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, prepared by Nutrition International, Inc., submitted by Chempar Chemical Co., Inc., EPA MRID 00088113. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  25. Holbert, M. Acute Inhalation Toxicity Study of Bromadiolone in Rats. Unpublished Lab Project No. 7437-93, 1991, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by Stillmeadow, Inc. EPA MRID 41976901. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  26. DuVall, M. D.; Murphy, M. J.; Ray, A. C.; Reagor, J. C. Case studies on second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide toxicities in nontarget species. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 1989, 1 (1), 66-68.
  27. Travlos, 27. G. S. Diagnostic evaluation of acute bromadiolone and brodifacoum toxicosis in the dog. Am. Assn. Vet. Lab. Diagn. 1985, (28), 161-173.
  28. Shapiro, R. Teratology study with bromadiolone technical, anticoagulant. Unpublished Report No. 7173-169, 1978, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency prepared by Nutrition International, Inc., submitted by Chempar Chemical Co., Inc. EPA MRID 00107035. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  29. Lund, M. Hens, eggs and anticoagulants. Int. Pest Contr. 1981, 5, 126-127.
  30. Grobosch, T.; Angelow, B.; Schönberg, L.; Lampe, D. Acute Bromadiolone Intoxication. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2006, 30, 281-286.
  31. Jin, M-C.; Ren, Y-P.; Xu, X-M.; Chen, X-H. Determination of bromadiolone in whole blood by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci. Int. 2007, 171 (1), 52-56.
  32. Chow, E.; Haley, L.; Vickars, L.; Murphy, M, A case of bromadiolone (superwarfarin ingestion). Can. Med. Assoc. J. 1992, 147 (1).
  33. Reigart, J. R.; Roberts, J. R. Rodenticides. Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisonings; U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1999.
  34. Mullins, M. E.; Brands, C. L.; Daya, M. R. Unintentional Pediatric Superwarfarin Exposures: Do We Really Need a Prothrombin Time? Pediatrics 2000, 105 (2), 402-404.
  35. Christopher, M. J.; Balasubramanyam, M.; Purushotham, K. R. Toxicity of three anticoagulant rodenticides to male hybrid leghorns. Zeit. fur Angew 1984, 71, 275-281.
  36. Lawlor, T. Mutagenicity Test on Bromadiolone in the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome reverse mutation assay (Ames Test). Unpublished HWA Study No. 15310-0-401, 1992, submitted to World Health Organization by Hazleton Washington Inc., Vienna, Virgina. Environmental Health Criteria 175 - Anticoagulant Rodenticides; International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 1995.
  37. Ramalingam, K.; Rajan, U. D. B. Manifestation of a Rodenticide Bromadiolone (Coumarin) on Histology of Bandicota Bengalensis. J. Ecobiol. 2007, 20 (3), 247-254.
  38. WHO. Bromadiolone Health and Safety Guide; International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 1995.
  39. Nahas, K., Kinetics of Bromadiolone, Anticoagulant Rodenticide, in the Norway Rat. Pharmacol. Res. Commun. 1987, 19 (11), 767-775.
  40. Lo, V. M. H.; Ching, C. K.; Chan, A. Y. W.; Mak, T. W. L. Bromadiolone toxicokinetics: Diagnosis and treatment implications. Clin. Toxicol. 2008, 46 (8), 703-710.
  41. Poche, R. M. The Status of Bromadiolone in the United States; Proceedings of the 12th Vertebrate Pest Conference, University of Nebraska-Lincoln: New York, 1986.
  42. Morin, M. F.; Merlet, N.; Naulleau, G.; Dore, M. Primary toxicity of bromadiolone on the coypu. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1990, 44 (4), 595-601.
  43. Markussen, M. D. K.; Heiberg, A.-C.; Fredholm, M.; Kristensen, M., Identification of cytochrome P450 differentiated expression related to developmental stages in bromadiolone resistance in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 2008, 91 (3), 147-152.
  44. Pelz, H-J.; Rost, S.; Huenerberg, M.; Fregin, A.; Heiberg, A-C.; Baert, K.; MacNicoll, A. D.; Prescott, C. V.; Walker, A-S.; Oldenburg, J.; Mueller, C. R., The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents. Genetics 2005, 170, 1839-1847.
  45. Vindenes, V.; Karinen, R.; Hasvold, I.; Bernard, J-P.; Morland, J. G.; Christophersen, A. S. Bromadiolone Poisoning: LC-MS Method and Pharmacokinetic Data. J. Forens. Sci. 2008, 53 (4), 993-996.
  46. Parmar, G.; Bratt, H.; Moore, R.; Batten, P. Evidence from common binding site in vivo for the retention of anticoagulants in rat liver. Hum. Toxicol. 1987, 6, 431-432.
  47. Vandenbroucke, V.; Bousquet-Melou, A.; De Backer, P.; Croubels, S. Pharmacokinetics of eight anticoagulant rodenticides in mice after single oral administration. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. 2008, 31 (5), 437-445.
  48. Cai, X. X.; Zhang, X. Y. Simultaneous Determination of Eleven Rodenticides in Human Plasma and Urine Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (abstract). Chin. J. Anal. Chem. 2010, 38 (10), 1411-1416.
  49. Spare, W. Aqueous photodegradation of 14C-br 49. omadiolone. Unpublished report, 1982, submitted to World Health Organization by Lipha S.A. Environmental Health Criteria 175 - Anticoagulant Rodenticides; International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 1995.
  50. Misra, B. Aerobic Soil Metabolism of Bromadiolone: Amended Final Report. Unpublished study no ME 9200154, submitted to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, prepared by Pittsburgh Environmental Research Lab Inc. EPA MRID 43594301. Reregistration Eligibilty Decision for Rodenticide Cluster; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.
  51. Askham, L. R. Anticoagulant Translocation and Plant Residue Studies in Crops; Proceedings of the 12th Vertebrate Pest Conference, University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Pullman, WA, 1986; pp 133-139.
  52. Sage, M.; Coeurdassier, M.; Defaut, R.; Éric, L.; Barbier, B.; Rieffel, D.; Berny, P.; Giraudoux, P. How environment and vole behaviour may impact rodenticide bromadiolone persistence in wheat baits after field controls of Arvicola terrestris? Environ. Pollut. 2007, 148 (1), 372-379.
  53. Spare, W.; Olson, S. Bromadiolone soil leaching. Unpublished report, 1980, submitted to World Health Organization, by Biospherics Inc., Beltsville, Maryland. Environmental Health Criteria 175 - Anticoagulant Rodenticides; International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 1995.
  54. Panko, J.; Shay, E. Potential for Airborne Dispersion of Bromadiolone and Exposure in an Office Setting. Epidemiol. 2006, 17 (6), 176.
  55. Pesticide Product Label System; U.S Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2012.
  56. Giorgi, M.; Chiellini, M.; Mengozzi, G. Novel HPLC method for the determination of bromadiolone in chicken eggs. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 2009, 32, 132-133.
  57. Gabriel, M. W. ; Woods, L. W.; Poppenga, R.; Sweitzer, R. A.; et al. Anticoagulant rodenticides on our public and community lands: Spatial distribution of exposure and poisoning of rare forest carnivore. PLoS ONE 2012, 7 (7), 1-15.
  58. Stone, W. B.; Okoniewski, J. C.; Stedelin, J. R. Poisonng of wildlife with anticoagulant rodenticides in New York. J. Wildl. Dis. 1999, 35 (2), 187-193.
  59. Giraudoux, P.; Tremollières, C.; Barbier, B.; Defaut, R.; Rieffel, D.; Bernard, N.; Lucot, É.; Berny, P. Persistence of bromadiolone anticoagulant rodenticide in Arvicola terrestris populations after field control. Environ. Res. 2006, 102 (3), 291-298.
  60. Sage, M.; Coeurdassier, M.; Defaut, R.; Gimbert, F.; Berny, P.; Giraudoux, P. Kinetics of bromadiolone in rodent populations and implications for predators after field control of the water vole, Arvicola terrestris. Sci. Total Environ. 2008, 407 (1), 211-222.
  61. Riley, S. P. D.; Bromley, C.; Poppenga, R. H.; Uzal, F. A.; Whited, L.; Sauvajot, R. M. Anticoagulant Exposure and Notoedric Mange in Bobcats and Mountain Lions in Urban Southern California. J. Wldl. Manag. 2009, 71 (6), 1874-1884.
  62. Lund, M.; Rasmussen, A. Secondary poisoning hazards in stone martents fed bromadiolone poisoned mice. Nord. Vet. Med. 1986, 38 (4), 241-243.
  63. Byers, R. E. Performance of Rodenticides for the Control of Pine and Meadow Voles in Orchards. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 1978, 103, 65-69.
  64. Krizkova, S.; Beklova, M.; Pikula, J.; Adam, V.; Horna, A.; Kizek, R. Hazards of Secondary Bromadiolone Intoxications Evaluated using High-performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection. Sensors 2007, 7 (7), 1271-1286.
  65. Cox, P.; Smith, R. H. Rodenticide Ecotoxicology: Pre-Lethal Effects of Anticoagulants on Rat Behaviour; Proceedings of the 15th Vertebrate Pest Conference, University of California-Davis, University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Lincoln, NE, 1992; pp 165-170.
  66. Berny, P. J.; Buronfosse, T.; Buronfosse, F.; Lamarque, F.; Lorgue, G. Field evidence of secondary poisoning of foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and buzzards (Buteo buteo) by bromadiolone, a 4-year survey. Chemosphere 1997, 35 (8), 1817-1829.
  67. Stone, W. B.; Okoniewski, J. C.; Stedelin, J. R. Anticoagulant Rodenticides and Raptors: Recent Findings from New York, 1998–2001. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2003, 70 (1), 34-40.
  68. Albert, C.; Wilson, L.; Mineau, P.; Trudeau, S.; Elliott, J. Anticoagulant R 68. odenticides in Three Owl Species from Western Canada, 1988– 2003. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2010, 58 (2), 451-459.
  69. Beklova, M.; Pikula, J.; Zejdova, S. Toxicity of a Bromadiolone Based Rodenticide for Aquatic Organisms. Toxicol. Lett. 2002, 135, 1-173.
  70. Jung, J-C.; Moon, H-I. Larvicidal activity of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives against Aedes aegypti. Pharm. Biol. 2011, 49 (2), 190-193.
  71. Risk Mitigation Decision for Ten Rodenticides; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2008.

NPIC fact sheets are designed to answer questions that are commonly asked by the general public about pesticides that are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). This document is intended to be educational in nature and helpful to consumers for making decisions about pesticide use.

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